RESEARCH STUDIES

Helping to establish validated research in the aquatic therapy community is important to us. We strive to provide our customers with the most current research findings concerning water therapy and exercise. Below are the remarkable findings from these research studies, all utilizing the HydroWorx underwater treadmill, and their remarkable findings.

Aquatic Treadmill Training Enhances Strength and Lean Mass Gains When Combined with Resistance Training

This study at Texas A&M University was conducted in order to explore the differences in soreness, inflammation, muscle-mass gain and loss of body fat between resistance training along, with land treadmill aerobic exercise and resistance training with underwater treadmill aerobic exercise. Results showed there was a benefit in almost every aspect to resistance training plus underwater treadmill. The underwater treadmill reduced soreness, body fat and inflammation while also improving muscle mass and strength performance.

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Health Benefits of Underwater Treadmill Exercise for Active Adults

This study at the University of Wisconsin was conducted to assess the health benefits of hydrotherapy in active adults. This five week study found that hydrotherapy is a positive way to improve flexibility, sleep patterns, and reduce muscle and joint pain in middle-aged and older adults with a history of orthopedic limitations and discomfort.

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Knee Anterior Cruciate Ligament Recovery Program in the Warm Water Therapy Pool

This study assessed if rehabilitation in an aquatic environment is ideal during all phases of ACL recovery post surgery. Participants in the water exercise group noted a greater joint effusion and greater self reports of functional improvement. Clinical results show that athletes who participate in water rehabilitation and land-based post rehabilitation have better scores on postural sway, indicating better balance and fewer episodes of re-injury.

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Lean Body Mass Increases Following 12-Week Aerobic Training with Underwater but not Land Treadmill

This study was conducted at Texas A&M University in order to compare the changes in body composition following twelve weeks of exercise training using either a land treadmill or an underwater treadmill. At the end of the study, aerobic exercise training on the underwater treadmill showed similar decreases in weight, percent body fat, and fat mass as the land treadmills. However, lean body mass increase with underwater treadmill training, with gain seen mainly in the legs.

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Underwater Treadmill Exercise as a Potential Treatment for Adults with Osteoarthritis

This study, conducted at Utah State University, examined the levels of perceived pain and mobility in osteoarthritis patients after using underwater and traditional land treadmills exercise. At the end of the study, patients diagnosed with osteoarthritis may receive the same aerobic conditioning with less joint pain and greater improvements in mobility by utilizing underwater treadmills as opposed to land treadmills. Patients also revealed that pain was 140% greater during land treadmill exercise sessions than during underwater treadmill exercise sessions.

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Comparative Efficacy of Water and Land Treadmill Training for Overweight and Obese Adults

Conducted at Texas A&M University, this study explored the efficacy of underwater treadmill exercise training programs by comparing changes in physical fitness, body weight, and body composition in physically inactive, overweight, and obese men and women. During this twelve week study, the underwater treadmill was proven to be a viable training alternative to traditional land treadmill training for overweight users. The non-weight bearing exercise reduced pain and risk of injury in overweight and obese people.

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Peak Cardiorespiratory Responses During Aquatic and Land Treadmill Exercise

This University of Idaho study investigated the cardiorespiratory responses elicited during maximal-effort protocols using an underwater treadmill and a land treadmill. At the conclusion of the study, underwater treadmill and jets were found to elicit comparable responses to inclined land treadmill in fit individuals. Underwater treadmill training may be a viable training alternative to maintain or improve fitness levels for injured and healthy athletes alike.

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Metabolic-Cost Comparison of Submaximal Land and Aquatic Treadmill Exercise

The purpose of this University of Idaho study was to evaluate the metabolic cost of varying aquatic treadmill exercise speed and resistance jet to compare with land treadmill conditions at similar running speeds. The study concluded that underwater treadmill training offers viable exercise alternatives to land treadmill running as a way to maintain or improve fitness for injured and healthy individuals.

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Water Treadmill Parameters Needed to Obtain Land Treadmill Intensities in Runners

Conducted at Brigham Young University, the purpose of this study was to establish water treadmill running parameters with shoes and without shoes to obtain known land treadmill running cardiorespiratory responses. The study found that the water treadmill provides athletes an alternative method of training to maintain cardiovascular fitness without the weight bearing demands of land running. Subjects should select water treadmill speeds that elicit a heart rate response that is seven beats per minute less than typical training heart rate during land based running.

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The Effect of Water Depth on Energy Expenditure and Perception of Effort in Female Subjects While Walking

This study, conducted at the University of Idaho, compared energy expenditures, heart rate, and perceived effort during walking in water at several depths versus land in female participants. The results suggest water depth can be used to selectively adjust exercise intensity during water walking. Therefore, substituting aquatic treadmill walking for land walking might be beneficial for overweight individuals as they strive to incorporate physical activity into their lifestyle.

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